What is chorionic villus sampling (CVS) used for?

Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) is a diagnostic test performed during early pregnancy, typically between 10 and 13 weeks of gestation. It is primarily used to detect genetic disorders in the fetus. The procedure involves taking a small sample of tissue from the placenta, which shares the same genetic material as the developing fetus. By analyzing the DNA from the chorionic villi, healthcare providers can identify chromosomal abnormalities and genetic conditions such as Down syndrome, cystic fibrosis, and other hereditary disorders.

The timing of CVS makes it particularly advantageous for early detection, allowing for informed decision-making regarding the pregnancy if any abnormalities are found. This capability to diagnose potential genetic issues early on in pregnancy is what fundamentally distinguishes CVS from other tests used during pregnancy.